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Copper Tariffs: A New Era for U.S. Markets

Just yesterday, President Donald Trump announced a 50% tariff on copper imports, potentially effective by late July or early August, following a formal Federal deep-dive investigation into national security risks of copper imports. 

U.S. Comex copper futures surged 13% to a record $5.69 per pound, while global prices on the London Metal Exchange (LME) rose just 0.3%, creating a record Comex-LME premium of over $2,600 per ton. 

This policy aims to bolster domestic production, but it risks higher costs for industries such as manufacturing, construction, and automotive. 

The tariff’s timing and scope remain uncertain, with possible exemptions for key suppliers like Chile and Canada, adding volatility to markets. 

While the tough trade talk opens new opportunities in U.S. copper mining, omnipresent risks across the U.S. industrial base (and economy) create additional challenges for copper-reliant sectors amid potential inflation and trade tensions.

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Economic Impacts

A 50% copper tariff could reshape the U.S. economy - and not necessarily for the better, at least in the short term. 

With the U.S. importing nearly half its copper, including $17 billion in 2024, primarily from Chile, Canada, Peru, and Mexico, the tariff could push domestic prices to $15,000 per metric ton by August, compared to $10,000 globally.

This price surge will likely increase costs for consumer goods like appliances, electronics, and vehicles, as businesses pass on expenses.

Analysts warn of inflationary pressures, with the Consumer Price Index (an inflation metric) potentially rising as input costs climb. 

Infrastructure projects, critical for AI and renewable energy, may face budget overruns or delays, potentially slowing job growth. 

Likewise, the tariff’s goal of boosting domestic production faces hurdles, as new mines require years and significant investment due to permitting delays and high costs. 

Substitution with aluminum, though possible, is less efficient and costlier long-term, risking demand destruction.

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Global Shakeups

The tariffs aim to strengthen U.S. copper producers by making imported copper less competitive.

However, they risk sparking retaliatory tariffs from major suppliers like Chile, which accounts for 70% of U.S. copper imports by value, Canada, and Peru, all with free trade agreements. 

Chile’s mining lobby argues there are no “technical or strategic” grounds for tariffs, signaling potential trade disputes while Zambia, a smaller supplier, has also requested exemptions, citing U.S. partnerships like the Lobito Corridor project. 

The rush to import copper before tariffs will likely swell U.S. inventories, but post-August shipments may decline, tightening supply. 

Globally, the tariff could depress LME prices as exporters redirect supply, creating a complex competitive landscape for U.S. firms reliant on global supply chains.

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The Main Takeaway

The 50% copper tariff drives U.S. prices higher, boosting domestic miners but raising costs for consumers and businesses.

U.S. copper producers may see gains, while investors should monitor copper-reliant sectors for margin pressures.

Risks include inflation, trade disputes, and supply chain disruptions, with long-term domestic production increases uncertain.

Stocks to Watch:

General Electric (NYSE: GE)

GE’s aerospace and power divisions rely heavily on copper for components like turbines and wiring.

With copper prices soaring, GE may face margin compression unless it can pass costs to customers.

Investors should monitor its cost management strategies and quarterly earnings for signs of pressure.

Honeywell International (NYSE: HON)

Honeywell uses copper in aerospace, building technologies, and industrial solutions.

Rising copper costs could squeeze profits, particularly if demand weakens due to higher prices. Watch for updates on pricing power and supply chain adjustments.

Ford Motor Company (NYSE: F)

Ford’s shift to electric vehicles, which use up to 180 pounds of copper per vehicle, makes it highly sensitive to price spikes.

Higher costs could impact profitability or delay EV production targets. Track Ford’s cost mitigation efforts and EV sales trends.

Tesla, Inc. (NASDAQ: TSLA)

Tesla’s EVs require substantial copper for batteries and motors, making it vulnerable to tariff-driven price increases.

Investors should watch Tesla’s gross margin trends and potential shifts to alternative materials like aluminum.

Home Depot (NYSE: HD)

As a leading retailer of construction materials, Home Depot faces risks from higher copper prices for wiring and plumbing products.

Increased costs could reduce consumer demand or pressure margins. Monitor same-store sales and inventory cost updates.

Stock to Buy:

Freeport-McMoRan (NYSE: FCX)

As the largest U.S. copper producer, Freeport-McMoRan is well-positioned to benefit from higher domestic prices due to tariffs. 

Its Arizona-based mines, like Morenci, produced 1.26 billion pounds of copper in 2024, and its focus on leaching technology could boost output. 

However, CEO Kathleen Quirk has warned that broad-spectrum tariffs could raise U.S. mine costs by 5% and risk production if prices weaken in a recession.

That’s it for today’s edition—thanks for reading! Reply to this email with any feedback or let me know which macro trends or markets you’d like me to cover next.

Best Regards,
—Noah Zelvis
Macro Notes