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Election Week Opens With Oil Sliding and Rate Hikes Back in Play
Midterms, Iran peace talks, a Bank of England hike, and the October jobs report all land this week.
You already know this week carries more political and macro weight than any other on the calendar. The question is whether you are sized for a split election, a Middle East breakthrough, a Bank of England hike, and a jobs report all hitting at once.
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The Big Picture
Agriculture
U.S. Farmers Are Still Waiting for a $17 Billion Trade Promise to Deliver

American farmers are still waiting for stronger Chinese demand, with purchases of U.S. agricultural goods excluding soybeans on track for a 7-year low.
China bought $7.2 billion of those products between January and September, the weakest total for that period since 2019.
The slow buying follows a pledge to purchase $17 billion annually, with a reduced target for the first year. Soybean purchases are meeting their separate target, but orders for other agricultural products have lagged.
Missing Sales Reach Beyond the Farm
Weak export demand adds pressure on growers already dealing with high fuel costs. When overseas orders disappoint, farmers can face longer storage periods and fewer opportunities to sell grain at prices that cover their expenses.
The effects can spread through rural communities.
Farmers facing uncertain income may delay equipment purchases, limit spending on supplies, or postpone expansion, leaving machinery dealers, transportation companies, and other local businesses with less activity.
Trade Promises Need Actual Purchases
The agreement’s starting date remains unclear, making it difficult to determine whether China has missed a formal obligation.
The administration has not clarified when the purchasing period begins or how the reduced first-year target applies.
For the U.S. economy, the practical test is whether commitments become orders that support farm revenue.
Stronger purchases could help move stored crops and support rural spending, while continued delays would leave producers planning around demand that has yet to arrive.
Retail
America’s Spending Strength Is Hiding a Household Divide

Higher-income American households are helping sustain consumer spending, supported by gains in the value of their stock holdings.
Their purchases have kept demand moving even as many families remain frustrated by the cost of everyday expenses.
The divide helps explain why strong spending figures can exist alongside widespread financial anxiety.
Households with substantial savings and financial assets have more room to absorb higher prices, while families relying mainly on paychecks face tighter limits.
Pay Gains Offer Limited Relief
Consumer prices and average hourly earnings have both risen about 5.5% since January 2025. Average pay has therefore roughly kept pace with inflation over that period, rather than clearly increasing purchasing power.
Individual experiences can differ sharply from those averages.
A household facing a larger rent increase or higher essential bills may have less money available for clothing, restaurants, and other purchases, even when its earnings have increased.
Businesses Face an Uneven Consumer Market
For American businesses, the divide means healthy overall spending does not guarantee equally strong demand across every customer group.
Retailers serving wealthier shoppers may face different conditions from businesses whose customers are carefully managing each paycheck.
Dependence on affluent households also creates a potential weakness. If falling asset values or greater uncertainty cause those consumers to pull back, other families may lack the financial room to replace their spending.
The broader economic question is how widely household finances can support continued demand.
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Manufacturing
Factories Pick Up Speed, but Cost Pressures Persist

U.S. manufacturing strengthened in October, with the ISM index rising to 55.5 from 54.5 in September, beating expectations. Input costs remained elevated despite some easing in price pressures.
A reading above 50 signals expansion across the manufacturing sector.
The index measures changes in business conditions, not the percentage increase in factory output, making it a useful indicator of direction without describing every manufacturer's experience.
More Business Does Not Guarantee Bigger Profits
For manufacturers, stronger activity can create opportunities to spread fixed expenses across more production. Factories still need to weigh the revenue from additional business against the cost of materials, staffing, equipment, and financing.
Companies working under fixed-price contracts may have limited room to charge more when expenses rise.
Others can negotiate prices or change suppliers, but those decisions can affect customer relationships, product quality, and how quickly they complete orders.
Factory Costs Can Reach Other Businesses
Manufacturing connects to much of the economy through the equipment, components, packaging, and finished goods that other businesses purchase.
When producers pass along higher expenses, the pressure can reach construction firms, retailers, and service providers.
The practical question is whether manufacturers can expand profitably while keeping prices competitive. Stronger demand can support production and investment, but lasting growth also depends on reliable supplies and manageable expenses.
For households, the eventual effect will depend partly on how much of those costs businesses absorb and how much passes through to final prices.
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Metrics to Watch
📊 Core PCE at 3.1% YoY
The Fed's preferred inflation gauge ticked up from 3.0% in September, still well above the 2% target, even as third-quarter GDP grew at a 3.4% pace. If you own duration, sticky inflation is your biggest risk heading into Friday's jobs report.📈 10-Year Treasury Yield Just Under 5%
The long end backed off the 5% line late last week as bonds caught a bid during the equity selloff. Any hot jobs number Friday pushes yields right back toward the highs. Watch the 5% line.💹 VIX Near 20
The fear gauge jumped on Friday's tech selloff. Not panic territory yet. But a VIX above 20 into election week flips the risk-reward on short-dated calls. If you were hedged, you got paid Friday. If not, chasing protection now is expensive.🛢️WTI Near $101, Brent Near $110
Both slid on Monday as Iran talks continued. If a deal lands, the remaining war premium can keep bleeding out. If talks collapse after the midterms, that premium snaps right back.💰 Dollar Index Near 102
Firm into the midterms, with the yen weak near 158 per dollar and the euro near $1.12, not far from its 17-month low. A stronger dollar tightens financial conditions on top of everything else, and it is a headwind for S&P earnings this quarter.
Market Movers
🏛️ Pre-Election Positioning
The U.S. Midterms Tuesday are the single biggest political catalyst of the year. Betting markets are leaning toward a split outcome, but a surprise sweep either way reprices tax, tariff, and energy policy overnight. Keep your position sizing honest into Tuesday's close.
🌍 Middle East Peace Trade
Qatar's mediation has now run three straight days. If headlines keep flowing, airlines, refiners, and chemicals catch a bid. If talks blow up after Tuesday, oil snaps back, and the inflation story reheats. Binary, and it moves this week.
🏦 Hike Watch
The Fed held last week, but two officials voted to hike and futures price in better than 70% odds of a December increase. The Bank of England is expected to move Thursday. If Friday's jobs report runs hot, rate-sensitive sectors like housing, REITs, and utilities take the hit, so size that exposure for higher rates.
📉 AI Spending Doubts
Disappointing results from Amazon and Intel led Friday's tech selloff. Hyperscaler spending is still real (Korea's chip exports prove it), but the market is paying less for AI exposure right now. Apple and AMD report this week, so wait for their guidance before buying the names that fell hardest.
Market Impacts
📈 Equities: The S&P 500 fell about 1.8% on Friday and the Nasdaq nearly 3%, as disappointing results from Amazon and Intel hit tech. Defensive sectors held up as money rotated out of growth. If you own concentrated tech, this week will tell you whether Friday was a one-day scare or the start of a longer unwind.
🏦 Bonds: The 10-year yield slipped back under 5% on Friday after topping it midweek. Bonds caught a bid as stocks fell, but with the Fed leaning toward a December hike, the rally has a ceiling. If the jobs number softens Friday, bonds extend the bounce.
💱 Currencies: The dollar is firm into the midterms. The yen is weak near 158 per dollar, and the euro sits near $1.12 after Fitch cut France's outlook to negative. If you have unhedged international exposure, that FX drag is eating into returns.
🛢️Commodities: Brent slid toward $110 and WTI toward $101 on the Iran talks. Gold fell more than 3% on Friday and is trying to steady near $3,920, while silver is back near $50 after an even steeper drop. The precious metals selloff looks more like forced liquidation than a trend break.
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Key Indicators to Watch
📅 Tuesday, Nov 3. U.S. Midterm Elections and JOLTS Job Openings for September (10:00 AM ET): The political catalyst of the year plus a read on whether labor demand is cooling enough to take pressure off wages.
📅 Wednesday, Nov 4. ADP Employment for October (8:15 AM ET) and ISM Services PMI (10:00 AM ET): ADP is the warm-up for Friday's payrolls, and the services prices-paid index shows whether energy costs are feeding into the rest of the economy.
📅 Thursday, Nov 5. Bank of England Decision (7:00 AM ET) and Q3 Productivity and Costs (8:30 AM ET): A quarter-point BoE hike is widely expected, so the guidance on further moves is what can shift global bond yields.
📅 Friday, Nov 6. Employment Situation Report for October (8:30 AM ET): The main event after September's 29,000 gain. Watch unemployment, hourly earnings, and participation. A hot print makes a December Fed hike hard to avoid.
📅 Friday, Nov 6. University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment, preliminary November (10:00 AM ET): Watch the inflation expectations component with gasoline still elevated.
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💵 American wage growth slowed to 3.1% annually, its weakest pace since 2021, leaving inflation-adjusted earnings 0.6% lower.
🛢️ Global energy inventories have fallen by nearly one billion barrels since the Strait of Hormuz disruption, raising concerns about future supply shortages and inflation.
🏭 Eurozone manufacturing continued expanding in October, with its PMI reaching 52.7 as stronger exports offset slowing domestic orders.
👷 America's labor market faces another hiring slowdown, with economists expecting modest October job growth despite layoffs remaining relatively contained.
🇬🇧 British factory output grew at its fastest pace in two years as improving domestic and export demand lifted October manufacturing activity.
That’s it for today’s edition—thanks for reading! Reply to this email with any feedback or let me know which macro trends or markets you’d like me to cover next.
Best Regards,
—Noah Zelvis
Macro Notes


